Hi 12

Rough Draft Quantitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations

Assessment Description

Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two quantitative research studies from the attached Literature Evaluation Table (see attachment 2). Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part II”(see attachment 3) document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the study in your responses.

Use the practice problem and two quantitative, peer-reviewed research articles you identified in the Literature Evaluation Table to complete this assignment.

In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize the two quantitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.

You are required to cite a minimum of three peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to nursing practice.  

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Literature Evaluation Table

Student Name: Daniel Nweke

Summary of Clinical Issue

The corona virus pandemic has killed many people and caused an economic downturn unprecedented in history. People living in rural areas have been disproportionately affected by this pandemic and are among those most at risk; however, there has been insufficient information disseminated to this vulnerable group of people. The corona virus, like all other viruses, is an obligate parasite that cannot reproduce outside of the host. Because the virus lacks bodies to grow in, it can only spread by hijacking the host’s body. Viruses cause infection by invading the body’s cells and multiplying within the host. This virus has a brief intracellular period before infecting cells and a prolonged intracellular period during replication. The virus can suppress the host’s immune response, allowing it to overcome or minimize the host’s defense. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed a social distancing policy with guidelines that will be implemented throughout the United States. This is intended to aid in the prevention of disease transmission. COVID-19. The Corona Virus is a mild infection that most people will recover from. The government has implemented several measures to keep people safe from the disease and reduce the risk of infection. Aside from creating a safe environment, the policy aims to educate the public about the dangers associated with this disease.

My picot question therefore is: Will the spread of Covid-19 in PG county reduce after the Implementation of Early preventive measures of social Distancing, mask-wearing, and Nursing education, compared to Neighboring counties with more cases where such actions were not implemented to reduce the spread of the virus over the next few months?

PICOT Question:

Criteria

Article 1

Article

2

Article 3

APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink

“Teslya, A., Pham, T. M., Godijk, N. G., Kretzschmar, M. E., Bootsma, M. C., & Rozhnova, G. (2020). Impact of self-imposed prevention measures and short-term government-imposed social distancing on mitigating and delaying a COVID-19 epidemic: A modelling study. PLoS medicine, 17(7), e1003166. Impact of self-imposed prevention measures and short-term government-imposed social distancing on mitigating and delaying a COVID-19 epidemic: A modelling study (plos.org)”

“Chiu, N. C., Chi, H., Tai, Y. L., Peng, C. C., Tseng, C. Y., Chen, C. C., … & Lin, C. Y. (2020). Impact of wearing masks, hand hygiene, and social distancing on influenza, enterovirus, and all-cause pneumonia during the coronavirus pandemic: Retrospective national epidemiological surveillance study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(8), e21257. JMIR – Impact of Wearing Masks, Hand Hygiene, and Social Distancing on Influenza, Enterovirus, and All-Cause Pneumonia During the Coronavirus Pandemic: Retrospective National Epidemiological Surveillance Study | Chiu | Journal of Medical Internet Research”

“Bundgaard, H., Bundgaard, J. S., Raaschou-Pedersen, D. E. T., von Buchwald, C., Todsen, T., Norsk, J. B., … & Iversen, K. (2020). Effectiveness of adding a mask recommendation to other public health measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in Danish mask wearers: a randomized controlled trial. Annals of Internal Medicine. Effectiveness of Adding a Mask Recommendation to Other Public Health Measures to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Danish Mask Wearers: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Annals of Internal Medicine: Vol 0, No 0 (acpjournals.org)”

How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question?

This article directly supports the PICOT as it highlights measures that can help in reducing COVID 19

This study is very significant in supporting my PICOT since it shows the role that the various measures that have been put in place can help not only in reducing the spread of Covid 19 but also other respiratory disease.

This article highlights some of the measures that can help in checking the spread of this Virus and therefore it is directly related to my PICOT question.

Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)

This is a qualitative study

because it uses non numerical data in analyzing the study results

This is a qualitative study because it uses non numerical data in analyzing the study results This is a qualitative study

Purpose Statement

The study compared the effectiveness of the various prevention measures and their effects on fighting Covid

This study was aimed at investigating the impact of the implemented infectious control strategies

This study was aimed at assessing whether surgical mask recommendation use outside home decreases the risk of Covid 19

Research Question

Do prevention measures imposed by the government and social distancing mitigate or delay covid 19.

What is the impact of the infectious control strategies that that have been implemented during this pandemic?

Does wearing surgical mask outside the home reduce the risk of the wearer for COVID 19?

Outcome

It was found that all the measures like hand washing, social distancing and mask wearing influence the dynamics of COVID 19

It was found that the control measures that have been implemented have greatly played a big role in helping control the pandemic.

most infections came from outside the

home setting

Setting

(Where did the study take place?)

Hospitals, long term care facilities and nursing homes.

home setting

Sample

Sample not provided

3030 participants

Method

The researchers developed a deterministic compartment model to describe SARS-CoV-2.

The patients were classified basing of their susceptibility and transmission observed

The study used Taiwan National infectious Disease electronic database statistics. the authors then extracted COVID 19 incidences and all al- cause pneumonia and compared these incidences

The participants were enrolled, and data was registered using REDCap software. Patients who were eligible were assigned masks

Key Findings of the Study

The patients were classified basing of their susceptibility and transmission observed

It was found that the control measures that have been implemented have greatly played a big role in helping control the pandemic.

It was observed that most infections came from outside the home setting.

Recommendations of the Researcher

Using self-imposed measures and government-imposed measures will help this community to reduce the virus

wearing of masks social distancing ad hand hygiene may help a lot in the prevention of covid 19 and decrease the spread of other respiratory disease

This was an indication that wearing mask outside the home setting was very important as it helped in checking the spread of the virus

Criteria

APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink

How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question?

Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)

Purpose Statement

Research Question

Outcome

Sample

Method

Key Findings of the Study

Recommendations of the Researcher

Article 4	Article 5	Article 6
“Li, T., Liu, Y., Li, M., Qian, X., & Dai, S. Y. (2020). Mask or no mask for COVID-19: A public health and market study. PloS one, 15(8), e0237691. Mask or no mask for COVID-19: A public health and market study (plos.org)”	“Gray, D. J., Kurscheid, J., Mationg, M. L., Williams, G. M., Gordon, C., Kelly, M., … & McManus, D. P. (2020). Health-education to prevent COVID-19 in schoolchildren: a call to action. Infectious diseases of poverty, 9(1), 1-3. Health-education to prevent COVID-19 in schoolchildren: a call to action | Infectious Diseases of Poverty | Full Text (biomedcentral.com)”	“Hornik, R., Kikut, A., Jesch, E., Woko, C., Siegel, L., & Kim, K. (2021). Association of COVID-19 misinformation with face mask wearing and social distancing in a nationally representative US sample. Health communication, 36(1), 6-14. Full article: Association of COVID-19 Misinformation with Face Mask Wearing and Social Distancing in a Nationally Representative US Sample (tandfonline.com)”
This article has a direct support in my project since it elaborates the ways that mask wearing as a protective measure can help in mitigating the spread of the Virus.	This article is very significant in supporting my PICCOT sine it illustrates the significance o education on trying to decrease the spread of this virus in the society.	This study is crucial in supporting my PICCOT question since it illustrates the significance of offering education to the people regarding the significance of these measures to help fight the pandemic
This is a simulated qualitative study	This is qualitative research since it does not use numerical data in the result analysis	This is qualitative research that uses non numerical statistics
This study was aimed at assessing whether the use of face masks is capable of delaying an influenza pandemic.	This study was aimed at assessing whether the TV programs such as cartoons can help in passing covid 19 prevention messages among the children	The study was aimed at assessing how misinformation on face mask wearing and social distancing affected the adherence of people to the measures put in place
What is the likely effect of the mask utilization in public spaces to combat COVID 19 pandemic	Does positive health messages and television programs help in reinforcing positive influence on hand washing procedures and social distancing	What is the association of misinformation of wearing face mask and social distancing in U.S and adherence?
The research found out that wearing mask since the masks had a considerable promise of containing the pandemic.	This study illustrated that cartoon concepts allows the children to identify with characters and this reinforces the need of good hygiene	The study found out that social distance was observed outside but it was not adhered at homes. There was however an increase in observance of these measures
Setting (Where did the study take place?)	Closed settings (household and aircraft)	Home environment.	Home environment in the United States
sample not given	Sample not given	1074 adults
The study used equation in predicting the basic reproduction number. B is the risk of transmission per contact and k the contact rate ad d the duration of infectivity	The intervention was trying to inform children on the transmission of disease. This was done by using cartoon concepts	An online survey was conducted where the participants were asked various questions regarding Covid 19 behaviors such as social distancing and faces mask wearing.
The key findings illustrated that there was a great significance of wearing masks since the masks had a considerable promise of containing the pandemic.	It was found that these cartoon concepts allow the children to identify with characters and they can be able to visualize intestinal parasitic worms and their eggs in people and the environment. this reinforces the need of good hygiene	It was found that the wearing of face masks varied depending on the behavior. Social distance was observed outside but it was not adhered at homes. There was however an increase in observance of these measures
Face masks is one of the most important measures that can play a significant role in cutting the spread of the virus. However, the masks should be properly worn for efficacy.	Education is very significant in helping curb the spread of Covid 19. This should be done even to the children so that they are aware of the dangers and how to keep themselves safe	It is important that more education on these measures is done. This study illustrate that although there is an increase in adherence of these measures, there is still a great importance of educating people on why this should also be done in our homes

© 2019. Grand CanyonUniversity. All Rights Reserved.

2

ResearchCritique Guidelines – Part II

Use this document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses.

Quantitative Studies

Background

1. Summary of studies. Include problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research question.

How do these two articles support the nurse practice issue you chose?

1. Discuss how these two articles will be used to answer your PICOT question.

2

. Describe how the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in your PICOT question.

Method of Study:

1. State the methods of the two articles you are comparing and describe how they are different.

2. Consider the methods you identified in your chosen articles and state one benefit and one limitation of each method.

Results of Study

1. Summarize the key findings of each study in one or two comprehensive paragraphs.

2. What are the implications of the two studies you chose in nursing practice?

Outcomes Comparison

1. What are the anticipated outcomes for your PICOT question?

2. How do the outcomes of your chosen articles compare to your anticipated outcomes?

© 2019. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

2

Rough Draft Quantitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations

Assessment Description

Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two quantitative research studies from the attached Literature Evaluation Table (see attachment 2). Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part II”(see attachment 3) document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the study in your responses.

Use the practice problem and two quantitative, peer-reviewed research articles you identified in the Literature Evaluation Table to complete this assignment.

In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize the two quantitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.

You are required to cite a minimum of three peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to nursing practice.  

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Literature Evaluation Table

Student Name: Daniel Nweke

Summary of Clinical Issue

The corona virus pandemic has killed many people and caused an economic downturn unprecedented in history. People living in rural areas have been disproportionately affected by this pandemic and are among those most at risk; however, there has been insufficient information disseminated to this vulnerable group of people. The corona virus, like all other viruses, is an obligate parasite that cannot reproduce outside of the host. Because the virus lacks bodies to grow in, it can only spread by hijacking the host’s body. Viruses cause infection by invading the body’s cells and multiplying within the host. This virus has a brief intracellular period before infecting cells and a prolonged intracellular period during replication. The virus can suppress the host’s immune response, allowing it to overcome or minimize the host’s defense. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed a social distancing policy with guidelines that will be implemented throughout the United States. This is intended to aid in the prevention of disease transmission. COVID-19. The Corona Virus is a mild infection that most people will recover from. The government has implemented several measures to keep people safe from the disease and reduce the risk of infection. Aside from creating a safe environment, the policy aims to educate the public about the dangers associated with this disease.

My picot question therefore is: Will the spread of Covid-19 in PG county reduce after the Implementation of Early preventive measures of social Distancing, mask-wearing, and Nursing education, compared to Neighboring counties with more cases where such actions were not implemented to reduce the spread of the virus over the next few months?

PICOT Question:

Criteria

Article 1

Article

2

Article 3

APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink

“Teslya, A., Pham, T. M., Godijk, N. G., Kretzschmar, M. E., Bootsma, M. C., & Rozhnova, G. (2020). Impact of self-imposed prevention measures and short-term government-imposed social distancing on mitigating and delaying a COVID-19 epidemic: A modelling study. PLoS medicine, 17(7), e1003166. Impact of self-imposed prevention measures and short-term government-imposed social distancing on mitigating and delaying a COVID-19 epidemic: A modelling study (plos.org)”

“Chiu, N. C., Chi, H., Tai, Y. L., Peng, C. C., Tseng, C. Y., Chen, C. C., … & Lin, C. Y. (2020). Impact of wearing masks, hand hygiene, and social distancing on influenza, enterovirus, and all-cause pneumonia during the coronavirus pandemic: Retrospective national epidemiological surveillance study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(8), e21257. JMIR – Impact of Wearing Masks, Hand Hygiene, and Social Distancing on Influenza, Enterovirus, and All-Cause Pneumonia During the Coronavirus Pandemic: Retrospective National Epidemiological Surveillance Study | Chiu | Journal of Medical Internet Research”

“Bundgaard, H., Bundgaard, J. S., Raaschou-Pedersen, D. E. T., von Buchwald, C., Todsen, T., Norsk, J. B., … & Iversen, K. (2020). Effectiveness of adding a mask recommendation to other public health measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in Danish mask wearers: a randomized controlled trial. Annals of Internal Medicine. Effectiveness of Adding a Mask Recommendation to Other Public Health Measures to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Danish Mask Wearers: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Annals of Internal Medicine: Vol 0, No 0 (acpjournals.org)”

How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question?

This article directly supports the PICOT as it highlights measures that can help in reducing COVID 19

This study is very significant in supporting my PICOT since it shows the role that the various measures that have been put in place can help not only in reducing the spread of Covid 19 but also other respiratory disease.

This article highlights some of the measures that can help in checking the spread of this Virus and therefore it is directly related to my PICOT question.

Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)

This is a qualitative study

because it uses non numerical data in analyzing the study results

This is a qualitative study because it uses non numerical data in analyzing the study results This is a qualitative study

Purpose Statement

The study compared the effectiveness of the various prevention measures and their effects on fighting Covid

This study was aimed at investigating the impact of the implemented infectious control strategies

This study was aimed at assessing whether surgical mask recommendation use outside home decreases the risk of Covid 19

Research Question

Do prevention measures imposed by the government and social distancing mitigate or delay covid 19.

What is the impact of the infectious control strategies that that have been implemented during this pandemic?

Does wearing surgical mask outside the home reduce the risk of the wearer for COVID 19?

Outcome

It was found that all the measures like hand washing, social distancing and mask wearing influence the dynamics of COVID 19

It was found that the control measures that have been implemented have greatly played a big role in helping control the pandemic.

most infections came from outside the

home setting

Setting

(Where did the study take place?)

Hospitals, long term care facilities and nursing homes.

home setting

Sample

Sample not provided

3030 participants

Method

The researchers developed a deterministic compartment model to describe SARS-CoV-2.

The patients were classified basing of their susceptibility and transmission observed

The study used Taiwan National infectious Disease electronic database statistics. the authors then extracted COVID 19 incidences and all al- cause pneumonia and compared these incidences

The participants were enrolled, and data was registered using REDCap software. Patients who were eligible were assigned masks

Key Findings of the Study

The patients were classified basing of their susceptibility and transmission observed

It was found that the control measures that have been implemented have greatly played a big role in helping control the pandemic.

It was observed that most infections came from outside the home setting.

Recommendations of the Researcher

Using self-imposed measures and government-imposed measures will help this community to reduce the virus

wearing of masks social distancing ad hand hygiene may help a lot in the prevention of covid 19 and decrease the spread of other respiratory disease

This was an indication that wearing mask outside the home setting was very important as it helped in checking the spread of the virus

Criteria

APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink

How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question?

Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)

Purpose Statement

Research Question

Outcome

Sample

Method

Key Findings of the Study

Recommendations of the Researcher

Article 4	Article 5	Article 6
“Li, T., Liu, Y., Li, M., Qian, X., & Dai, S. Y. (2020). Mask or no mask for COVID-19: A public health and market study. PloS one, 15(8), e0237691. Mask or no mask for COVID-19: A public health and market study (plos.org)”	“Gray, D. J., Kurscheid, J., Mationg, M. L., Williams, G. M., Gordon, C., Kelly, M., … & McManus, D. P. (2020). Health-education to prevent COVID-19 in schoolchildren: a call to action. Infectious diseases of poverty, 9(1), 1-3. Health-education to prevent COVID-19 in schoolchildren: a call to action | Infectious Diseases of Poverty | Full Text (biomedcentral.com)”	“Hornik, R., Kikut, A., Jesch, E., Woko, C., Siegel, L., & Kim, K. (2021). Association of COVID-19 misinformation with face mask wearing and social distancing in a nationally representative US sample. Health communication, 36(1), 6-14. Full article: Association of COVID-19 Misinformation with Face Mask Wearing and Social Distancing in a Nationally Representative US Sample (tandfonline.com)”
This article has a direct support in my project since it elaborates the ways that mask wearing as a protective measure can help in mitigating the spread of the Virus.	This article is very significant in supporting my PICCOT sine it illustrates the significance o education on trying to decrease the spread of this virus in the society.	This study is crucial in supporting my PICCOT question since it illustrates the significance of offering education to the people regarding the significance of these measures to help fight the pandemic
This is a simulated qualitative study	This is qualitative research since it does not use numerical data in the result analysis	This is qualitative research that uses non numerical statistics
This study was aimed at assessing whether the use of face masks is capable of delaying an influenza pandemic.	This study was aimed at assessing whether the TV programs such as cartoons can help in passing covid 19 prevention messages among the children	The study was aimed at assessing how misinformation on face mask wearing and social distancing affected the adherence of people to the measures put in place
What is the likely effect of the mask utilization in public spaces to combat COVID 19 pandemic	Does positive health messages and television programs help in reinforcing positive influence on hand washing procedures and social distancing	What is the association of misinformation of wearing face mask and social distancing in U.S and adherence?
The research found out that wearing mask since the masks had a considerable promise of containing the pandemic.	This study illustrated that cartoon concepts allows the children to identify with characters and this reinforces the need of good hygiene	The study found out that social distance was observed outside but it was not adhered at homes. There was however an increase in observance of these measures
Setting (Where did the study take place?)	Closed settings (household and aircraft)	Home environment.	Home environment in the United States
sample not given	Sample not given	1074 adults
The study used equation in predicting the basic reproduction number. B is the risk of transmission per contact and k the contact rate ad d the duration of infectivity	The intervention was trying to inform children on the transmission of disease. This was done by using cartoon concepts	An online survey was conducted where the participants were asked various questions regarding Covid 19 behaviors such as social distancing and faces mask wearing.
The key findings illustrated that there was a great significance of wearing masks since the masks had a considerable promise of containing the pandemic.	It was found that these cartoon concepts allow the children to identify with characters and they can be able to visualize intestinal parasitic worms and their eggs in people and the environment. this reinforces the need of good hygiene	It was found that the wearing of face masks varied depending on the behavior. Social distance was observed outside but it was not adhered at homes. There was however an increase in observance of these measures
Face masks is one of the most important measures that can play a significant role in cutting the spread of the virus. However, the masks should be properly worn for efficacy.	Education is very significant in helping curb the spread of Covid 19. This should be done even to the children so that they are aware of the dangers and how to keep themselves safe	It is important that more education on these measures is done. This study illustrate that although there is an increase in adherence of these measures, there is still a great importance of educating people on why this should also be done in our homes

© 2019. Grand CanyonUniversity. All Rights Reserved.

2

ResearchCritique Guidelines – Part II

Use this document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses.

Quantitative Studies

Background

1. Summary of studies. Include problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research question.

How do these two articles support the nurse practice issue you chose?

1. Discuss how these two articles will be used to answer your PICOT question.

2

. Describe how the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in your PICOT question.

Method of Study:

1. State the methods of the two articles you are comparing and describe how they are different.

2. Consider the methods you identified in your chosen articles and state one benefit and one limitation of each method.

Results of Study

1. Summarize the key findings of each study in one or two comprehensive paragraphs.

2. What are the implications of the two studies you chose in nursing practice?

Outcomes Comparison

1. What are the anticipated outcomes for your PICOT question?

2. How do the outcomes of your chosen articles compare to your anticipated outcomes?

© 2019. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

2

Rough Draft Quantitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations

Assessment Description

Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two quantitative research studies from the attached Literature Evaluation Table (see attachment 2). Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part II”(see attachment 3) document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the study in your responses.

Use the practice problem and two quantitative, peer-reviewed research articles you identified in the Literature Evaluation Table to complete this assignment.

In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize the two quantitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.

You are required to cite a minimum of three peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to nursing practice.  

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Literature Evaluation Table

Student Name: Daniel Nweke

Summary of Clinical Issue

The corona virus pandemic has killed many people and caused an economic downturn unprecedented in history. People living in rural areas have been disproportionately affected by this pandemic and are among those most at risk; however, there has been insufficient information disseminated to this vulnerable group of people. The corona virus, like all other viruses, is an obligate parasite that cannot reproduce outside of the host. Because the virus lacks bodies to grow in, it can only spread by hijacking the host’s body. Viruses cause infection by invading the body’s cells and multiplying within the host. This virus has a brief intracellular period before infecting cells and a prolonged intracellular period during replication. The virus can suppress the host’s immune response, allowing it to overcome or minimize the host’s defense. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed a social distancing policy with guidelines that will be implemented throughout the United States. This is intended to aid in the prevention of disease transmission. COVID-19. The Corona Virus is a mild infection that most people will recover from. The government has implemented several measures to keep people safe from the disease and reduce the risk of infection. Aside from creating a safe environment, the policy aims to educate the public about the dangers associated with this disease.

My picot question therefore is: Will the spread of Covid-19 in PG county reduce after the Implementation of Early preventive measures of social Distancing, mask-wearing, and Nursing education, compared to Neighboring counties with more cases where such actions were not implemented to reduce the spread of the virus over the next few months?

PICOT Question:

Criteria

Article 1

Article

2

Article 3

APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink

“Teslya, A., Pham, T. M., Godijk, N. G., Kretzschmar, M. E., Bootsma, M. C., & Rozhnova, G. (2020). Impact of self-imposed prevention measures and short-term government-imposed social distancing on mitigating and delaying a COVID-19 epidemic: A modelling study. PLoS medicine, 17(7), e1003166. Impact of self-imposed prevention measures and short-term government-imposed social distancing on mitigating and delaying a COVID-19 epidemic: A modelling study (plos.org)”

“Chiu, N. C., Chi, H., Tai, Y. L., Peng, C. C., Tseng, C. Y., Chen, C. C., … & Lin, C. Y. (2020). Impact of wearing masks, hand hygiene, and social distancing on influenza, enterovirus, and all-cause pneumonia during the coronavirus pandemic: Retrospective national epidemiological surveillance study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(8), e21257. JMIR – Impact of Wearing Masks, Hand Hygiene, and Social Distancing on Influenza, Enterovirus, and All-Cause Pneumonia During the Coronavirus Pandemic: Retrospective National Epidemiological Surveillance Study | Chiu | Journal of Medical Internet Research”

“Bundgaard, H., Bundgaard, J. S., Raaschou-Pedersen, D. E. T., von Buchwald, C., Todsen, T., Norsk, J. B., … & Iversen, K. (2020). Effectiveness of adding a mask recommendation to other public health measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in Danish mask wearers: a randomized controlled trial. Annals of Internal Medicine. Effectiveness of Adding a Mask Recommendation to Other Public Health Measures to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Danish Mask Wearers: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Annals of Internal Medicine: Vol 0, No 0 (acpjournals.org)”

How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question?

This article directly supports the PICOT as it highlights measures that can help in reducing COVID 19

This study is very significant in supporting my PICOT since it shows the role that the various measures that have been put in place can help not only in reducing the spread of Covid 19 but also other respiratory disease.

This article highlights some of the measures that can help in checking the spread of this Virus and therefore it is directly related to my PICOT question.

Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)

This is a qualitative study

because it uses non numerical data in analyzing the study results

This is a qualitative study because it uses non numerical data in analyzing the study results This is a qualitative study

Purpose Statement

The study compared the effectiveness of the various prevention measures and their effects on fighting Covid

This study was aimed at investigating the impact of the implemented infectious control strategies

This study was aimed at assessing whether surgical mask recommendation use outside home decreases the risk of Covid 19

Research Question

Do prevention measures imposed by the government and social distancing mitigate or delay covid 19.

What is the impact of the infectious control strategies that that have been implemented during this pandemic?

Does wearing surgical mask outside the home reduce the risk of the wearer for COVID 19?

Outcome

It was found that all the measures like hand washing, social distancing and mask wearing influence the dynamics of COVID 19

It was found that the control measures that have been implemented have greatly played a big role in helping control the pandemic.

most infections came from outside the

home setting

Setting

(Where did the study take place?)

Hospitals, long term care facilities and nursing homes.

home setting

Sample

Sample not provided

3030 participants

Method

The researchers developed a deterministic compartment model to describe SARS-CoV-2.

The patients were classified basing of their susceptibility and transmission observed

The study used Taiwan National infectious Disease electronic database statistics. the authors then extracted COVID 19 incidences and all al- cause pneumonia and compared these incidences

The participants were enrolled, and data was registered using REDCap software. Patients who were eligible were assigned masks

Key Findings of the Study

The patients were classified basing of their susceptibility and transmission observed

It was found that the control measures that have been implemented have greatly played a big role in helping control the pandemic.

It was observed that most infections came from outside the home setting.

Recommendations of the Researcher

Using self-imposed measures and government-imposed measures will help this community to reduce the virus

wearing of masks social distancing ad hand hygiene may help a lot in the prevention of covid 19 and decrease the spread of other respiratory disease

This was an indication that wearing mask outside the home setting was very important as it helped in checking the spread of the virus

Criteria

APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink

How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question?

Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)

Purpose Statement

Research Question

Outcome

Sample

Method

Key Findings of the Study

Recommendations of the Researcher

Article 4	Article 5	Article 6
“Li, T., Liu, Y., Li, M., Qian, X., & Dai, S. Y. (2020). Mask or no mask for COVID-19: A public health and market study. PloS one, 15(8), e0237691. Mask or no mask for COVID-19: A public health and market study (plos.org)”	“Gray, D. J., Kurscheid, J., Mationg, M. L., Williams, G. M., Gordon, C., Kelly, M., … & McManus, D. P. (2020). Health-education to prevent COVID-19 in schoolchildren: a call to action. Infectious diseases of poverty, 9(1), 1-3. Health-education to prevent COVID-19 in schoolchildren: a call to action | Infectious Diseases of Poverty | Full Text (biomedcentral.com)”	“Hornik, R., Kikut, A., Jesch, E., Woko, C., Siegel, L., & Kim, K. (2021). Association of COVID-19 misinformation with face mask wearing and social distancing in a nationally representative US sample. Health communication, 36(1), 6-14. Full article: Association of COVID-19 Misinformation with Face Mask Wearing and Social Distancing in a Nationally Representative US Sample (tandfonline.com)”
This article has a direct support in my project since it elaborates the ways that mask wearing as a protective measure can help in mitigating the spread of the Virus.	This article is very significant in supporting my PICCOT sine it illustrates the significance o education on trying to decrease the spread of this virus in the society.	This study is crucial in supporting my PICCOT question since it illustrates the significance of offering education to the people regarding the significance of these measures to help fight the pandemic
This is a simulated qualitative study	This is qualitative research since it does not use numerical data in the result analysis	This is qualitative research that uses non numerical statistics
This study was aimed at assessing whether the use of face masks is capable of delaying an influenza pandemic.	This study was aimed at assessing whether the TV programs such as cartoons can help in passing covid 19 prevention messages among the children	The study was aimed at assessing how misinformation on face mask wearing and social distancing affected the adherence of people to the measures put in place
What is the likely effect of the mask utilization in public spaces to combat COVID 19 pandemic	Does positive health messages and television programs help in reinforcing positive influence on hand washing procedures and social distancing	What is the association of misinformation of wearing face mask and social distancing in U.S and adherence?
The research found out that wearing mask since the masks had a considerable promise of containing the pandemic.	This study illustrated that cartoon concepts allows the children to identify with characters and this reinforces the need of good hygiene	The study found out that social distance was observed outside but it was not adhered at homes. There was however an increase in observance of these measures
Setting (Where did the study take place?)	Closed settings (household and aircraft)	Home environment.	Home environment in the United States
sample not given	Sample not given	1074 adults
The study used equation in predicting the basic reproduction number. B is the risk of transmission per contact and k the contact rate ad d the duration of infectivity	The intervention was trying to inform children on the transmission of disease. This was done by using cartoon concepts	An online survey was conducted where the participants were asked various questions regarding Covid 19 behaviors such as social distancing and faces mask wearing.
The key findings illustrated that there was a great significance of wearing masks since the masks had a considerable promise of containing the pandemic.	It was found that these cartoon concepts allow the children to identify with characters and they can be able to visualize intestinal parasitic worms and their eggs in people and the environment. this reinforces the need of good hygiene	It was found that the wearing of face masks varied depending on the behavior. Social distance was observed outside but it was not adhered at homes. There was however an increase in observance of these measures
Face masks is one of the most important measures that can play a significant role in cutting the spread of the virus. However, the masks should be properly worn for efficacy.	Education is very significant in helping curb the spread of Covid 19. This should be done even to the children so that they are aware of the dangers and how to keep themselves safe	It is important that more education on these measures is done. This study illustrate that although there is an increase in adherence of these measures, there is still a great importance of educating people on why this should also be done in our homes

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ResearchCritique Guidelines – Part II

Use this document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses.

Quantitative Studies

Background

1. Summary of studies. Include problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research question.

How do these two articles support the nurse practice issue you chose?

1. Discuss how these two articles will be used to answer your PICOT question.

2

. Describe how the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in your PICOT question.

Method of Study:

1. State the methods of the two articles you are comparing and describe how they are different.

2. Consider the methods you identified in your chosen articles and state one benefit and one limitation of each method.

Results of Study

1. Summarize the key findings of each study in one or two comprehensive paragraphs.

2. What are the implications of the two studies you chose in nursing practice?

Outcomes Comparison

1. What are the anticipated outcomes for your PICOT question?

2. How do the outcomes of your chosen articles compare to your anticipated outcomes?

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