Cases: Technology and History (Discussion)

On June 26, 1876, General George A. Custer’s 261 soldiers were killed at the Battle of the Little Bighorn. One historian has said this about Custer: “Generals who led men were rare; generals who won battles were rarer. It is no wonder that he was idolized from President Lincoln down. All the world loves a winner.” Another historian asks, “Was Custer a hero or a fool?”68 (Links to an external site.)
On February 27, 1991, the allied coalition forces of Operation Desert Storm led by Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf overcame the armies of Iraq’s Saddam Hussein in a victory that quickly became known to the world as “The 100-Hour War.” Shortly before the war, Schwarzkopf is quoted as saying, “I told my family that during the first month of any military campaign, the guy in charge is a hero, and it’s downhill after that.”
We don’t normally think of military leaders as managers, but they are responsible for the actions of numerous employees in critical times. They must be effective communicators to carry out this mission. These generals help demonstrate the differences in managerial communication that occurred during a span of 120 years.
General Custer led his 261 men on horseback in southeastern Montana. Compare this to General Schwarzkopf as you think about him stepping quickly toward the podium in a fourth-floor ballroom at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Riyadh to address two hundred reporters from around the world. No doubt these two managers had different communication support systems, but they also had different responsibilities. General Custer was managing an operation of 261 horse soldiers. General Schwarzkopf was coordinating a half-million-strong international military force including the U.S. Air Force, Navy, and Army as well as the first Tank Division of the United Kingdom and corps from Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and France.
What a difference! But in some ways, their training was quite similar. Both were educated at West Point, went through army war colleges at Fort Leavenworth, were stationed at Fort Riley, and had frontline battle experience. Both had experienced defeat and victory.

Compare the management communication systems of these two managers. How are the basics similar? What was the role of technology?
Which of the two generals had the easier job? Consider this question carefully because Custer had a much smaller group of men, but Schwarzkopf had sophisticated technology and organizational structure.
Which of the two managers required more advanced training in management communication? Why?
How would you compare these two generals to business managers during the same era?

To Do:
For this assignment, students will respond to the following prompts.  Initial response, 400+ words (include properly formatted citations and corresponding references from the assigned readings/videos in support of your response); then, respond to two classmate posts, 100+ words each.
compare