Final Exam Review Critique Essay

Nursing Implications-?prevent secondary infection, prevent wasting syndrome from malnutrition, maintain or improve the present level of immune function, maintain adequate social functioning, and maintain or improve current mental status. HIVE-I and HIVE-2 are both retroviruses and have only RNA as their genetic material. When they replicate their genetic material is placed in the DNA of the host cell. Risk Factors-?contact with body fluids, sex… Etc.. Sentinel Infection-?opportunistic infections that indicate mispronunciation, appears as oral thrush, recurrent vaginal yeast infections, or skin disorders.
Gnarls/Plus Action-?Mononucleosis Reverse Transcripts Inhibitors act by binding to and disabling reverse transcripts, a protein that is needed for replication of HIVE. Protease Inhibitors work on the last stage of viral production cycle by preventing the virus from maturing and cause the release of immature viruses, which are then unable to infect other host cells. Needlessness Treatment-?notify infection control officer, 2-drug or 3-drug therapy must be taken for 4-6 weeks.
CDC Count-?A diagnosis of AIDS is usually made in a HIVE-infected patient with a CDC T- homophony count less than cells/LU or with a specific opportunistic infection being diagnosed. 2. Tuberculosis (TAB)-length of treatment (6-12 months) Taking several drugs for 6-12 months:last line-agonized (NH), reframing (RIFF), ethanol (EMBED), and pyramided (PIZZA). Initial phase of 2 months, followed by several options for the continuation phase of 4-7 months. Must follow directions of medications exactly and to finish all drugs. 3.

Menopause-signs and symptoms, treatment, diet, estrogen cream precautions Signs & Symptoms–Hot flashes, hot flushes, night sweats, changes in menstrual flow ND irregularity. Treatment-?Hormone therapy (HURT)=estrogen or progesterone. CAM herbal, acupuncture, homoeopathy. Diet-?eat food containing photoengraves such as wild yams, cherries, dandelion greens, alfalfa sprouts, and black beans; also eat food containing soy such as tofu, soy milk, and roasted soy nuts. Estrogen cream precautions-don’t use before having sex because male partners can absorb it thru the skin. . Hypoglycemia-complications Coughing may lead to SF leak, also boo brushing teeth, sneezing, blowing nose, or bending forward. Check clear drainage for glucose. Patient kept in semi-fowlers session, must closely monitor vital signs and neurological status. 5. OTOH abuse-Effects on the immune system Can alter the body’s ability to launch an immune response. There are long term and short term effects. 2 drinks can impair the ability of the B lymphocytes to produce antibodies and can affect T-cell activity.
Long term leads to alteration in liver function and impaired nutrition. 6. TN-Signs and symptoms, treatment, diet, diagnosis Signs & Symptoms-?”Silent Killer” does not usually cause any discomfort or any other subjective symptoms. May complain of headache, dizziness, blurred vision, blackouts, irritability, angina, odyssey, or fatigue. Treatment-?Mild TN=diet modification, exercise, smoking cessation, OTOH restriction, low-sodium and low-fat diet (An below MGM/day (DASH Diet)) and stress control.
After all the changes listed above are done and patient still has TN then inattentiveness and diuretics are prescribed, diuretic is prescribed 1st. Inattentiveness can be up to 3 different ones. Diagnosis -?is by BP readings on at least 2 occasions 2 weeks apart, where BP is above 140/might. 7. Benign Prismatic Hypertrophy-BP-Treatment medications and urging implications Alpha-androgenic blockers–(Carder, Within, Floral, Rational)-Change positions slowly, may cause dizziness; 5-Alpha-Reeducates- Inhibitors (Arise)-?Prosper, Avatar, DOT-may increase risk for developing high-grade prostate cancer. 8.
Pancreas-endocrine/exocrine gland, structural unit that secretes insulin The pancreas is both endocrine and exocrine gland, endocrine function is to produce the hormones insulin and clangor. The beta cells are responsible for producing and secreting insulin. 9. Erectile dysfunction-Medications, side effects, complications Also known as impotence, Goldenseal (Vagina), Tidally abnormal erection that can develop into an urological emergency. 10. Entitlements pain and menstruation Mettlesome pain is a sharp pain in the right or left lower quadrant that occurs around the time of ovulation, the pain may last a few hours. 1 . Endocrine gland-Hypertension/hypertension etiology A primary endocrine dysfunction; hypertension is caused by a tumor or hyperplasia of the gland. Hypertension is caused by a tumor or an inflammatory response. 12. Systemic Lupus Erythrocytes (SALE)-Patient teaching Stay out of the sun; Use sunburns; wear long-sleeves, pants, wide brimmed hat when n the sun; use a mild soap; pat dry instead of rubbing; inspect skin daily. 13. Types of immunity-passive/active, artificial/natural, acquired, Immune globulin Passive/Active-?antibodies from another person or animal/produced by the person.
Artificial/Natural-?human ingloriousness they contain antibodies against many infectious diseases/immunity a person is born with. Acquired-?contraction of a disease and antibodies are formed from it or receiving a vaccination or immunization. Immune Globulin-?there are 5, they are Gig, Gig, IGMP, lag, leg. 14. Pituitary adenoma, benign-effects on insulin A benign pituitary adenoma antagonizes (acts against) the effect of the hormone insulin, resulting in an increase in blood glucose and glucose tolerance. 15.
Inflammatory response, C-Reactive Protein test C-Reactive Protein detects the presence of an inflammatory response, initiated by antigen-immune complex, interacts with the complement system of proteins (a series of proteins produced by the liver that work with antibodies to destroy antigens). 16. Testicular Self Exam (TTS)/Breast Self Exam-patient teaching TTS-?done when male gets out of the shower, uses finger and thumb, done same time once a month. BASE-?should be done monthly, about 1 week after menstruation begins or on a specific date each month after menopause. 7. Tetanus Booster-timing Tetanus booster every 10 years 18. Adrenal Medulla-epinephrine/morphogenesis secretion Adrenal Medulla secretes epinephrine and morphogenesis. Epinephrine prepares the body to meet stress or emergency situations and prevents hypoglycemia. Morphogenesis functions as a presser (causing blood vessel constriction) hormone to maintain blood pressure. 19. Adrenal Cortex (secretion of androgenic hormones) The adrenal cortex secretes lodestone (mortification’s), cortical sociolinguistics), Androgen’s, and estrogen.
ANDROGENIC HORMONES have similar effects to those of the male and female sex hormones. 20. Lodestone-function (conserves water) Lodestone is secreted from the adrenal cortex and it increases sodium reapportion and potassium secretion in the kidney tubules; it increases water retention(conservation). 21 . Cortices-cortical and inflammatory process, cortical and stress/aging Creditors is secreted from the adrenal cortex; Increases blood glucose levels; inhibits inflammation and immune response; Cortical is controlled by CATCH. 22.
Lymphoma-nursing implications Wrap the extremity with an elastic bandage, beginning at the distal portion and working up the extremity. Elevate the limb, TED hose, avoid constrictive clothing, do not cross legs, perform exercise of limb, avoid trauma to tissue, and cleanse and dry the skin and thoroughly and regularly. 23. Menstruation cycle-signs and symptoms, MS (when it occurs in the cycle), douching complications (vaginas) Mild cramping, some mood swings, Materialistic pains; MS occurs during the lateral phase of the menstrual cycle; No douching->changes the pH in the vagina and an lead to vaginas and other infections. 4. Oral contraceptives-advantages, patient teaching, complications They offer noncompetitive benefits, newer SOC reduce menstrual discomforts and decreases risk of contraceptive failure; Not 100% effective; antibiotics reduce effectiveness and teach opt to use other methods of contraceptives. Can cause an increased risk of blood clots. 25. Dishonored-patient teaching, support The most important management of dishonored is to promote an attitude of positive sexuality and selectors; use heating pads, back massage and soft rhythmic massage of the abdomen. 26.
Latinizing Hormone/Follicle Stimulating Hormone-function LA-?promote ovulation and progesterone production in females and testosterone production in males. FISH-?Follicle maturation and estrogen secretion in the female and in male cooperativeness. 27. Infertility-Primary/Secondary Primary infertility is the inability of the couple to conceive a child after at least 1 year of active, unprotected sexual relations without using contraceptives. Secondary infertility is the inability to conceive after having once conceived, or the inability to maintain a pregnancy long enough to deliver a viable infant. 28.
Addison Crisis-signs and symptoms Drop in blood pressure and typical signs & symptoms of shock. 29. Human Papilla Virus (HIP)-Patient teaching Teach about mode of infection and use of condoms to prevent spread, regular pap smears due to risk of cervical cancer, there are vaccines available. 30. Ethicize diuretics-patient teaching Monitor intake and output and daily weight 31 . Peripheral Vascular Disease (PAD)-Etiology, signs and symptoms, deposits of hemorrhoids Atherosclerosis; intermittent calumniation, pain at rest, tightening pressure in calves or buttocks, and chemic changes; hemorrhoids-iron storage employ 32.
Hodgkin Disease-stages, MOP/ABED Mop-?stages 3&4; ABED-?stages 33. Goiters-treatment, potassium iodide patient teaching (straw) Drink thru straw, and notify RAN/MD if metallic taste occurs 34. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DTV)-treatment (IV streptomycin’s) IV Streptomycin’s-?CLOT BUSTER, high risk for bleeding, does not respond well tracheotomy may be done. 35. Parthenon-function Secreted from the parathyroid, also known as PATH, increases blood calcium by stimulating bone breakdown and the release of calcium. Increases calcium absorption in the GIG tract and decreases calcium loss in the urine. 36.
T-lymphocytes/B-lymphocytes-Function T-lymphocytes-cell mediated immunity, white blood cells; B-lymphocytes-humeral immunity, activating cell becomes an antibody producing plasma cells or a a-memory cell. 37. Thyroid panel testing-patient teaching (aspirin-antiparticle aggregate) Aspirin may affect the test results in Serum TO, TO and TTS 38. Syphilis-stages, signs and symptoms Primary-3 weeks, Chancres, hard painless sore on mucous membrane, the chancre becomes teaming with spirochetes, which enter the blood stream 3-7 days after infection; Secondary-?seeks later, generalized rash and positive serology test.
Tertiary-?I -arrears after infection, gamma, a soft tumor, appears on organs. 39. Humeral vs.. Cell-mediated response Humeral is the immediate response to an antigen and Cell-mediated is a secondary response. 40. Hypothyroidism/Hyperthyroidism, Maxed Coma/Thyroid Storm Hypothyroidism-?decreased thyroid hormone. Hyperthyroidism-excessive amounts of thyroid hormone. Maxed Coma-?abrupt withdrawal of thyroid medication. Thyroid Storm-increase temp >106, increase pulse >200, increased respirations 41 . Topazes-take on strict schedule Treats hyperthyroidism… Take on strict schedule 42.
Aging immune system Skin becomes thin, less elastic, prone to injury,