Alcohols, carboxylic acids and estersAlcohols are a homologous series. Here are the first four:(a) What is the general formula for the alcohols? (1 mark)(b) These four alcohols can be used as fuels. Write the chemical equation for the complete combustion of ethanol, including state symbols. (3 marks)(c) Ethanol is used as a fuel in a wide range of applications, from food heating burners to camping stoves. Give three reasons why ethanol is such a useful fuel. (3 marks)Alcohols oxidise to form carboxylic acids. For example, ethanol forms ethanoic acid.(d) Carboxylic acids are weak acids. Why are they ‘weak’? (2 marks)(e) How does the pH of a weak acid such as ethanoic acid compare with the pH of a strong acid such as nitric acid? (1 mark)Alcohols react with carboxylic acids to form esters. This ester is the product of reacting ethanol with ethanoic acid.(f) Give the name of this ester. (1 mark)(g) Esters are volatile compounds and have distinctive smells. What does ‘volatile’ mean? (1 mark)
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