DNA andProteinSynthesis
Hands-OnLabs,Inc. Version42-0051-00-01
Lab Report Assistant
Thisdocumentisnotmeanttobeasubstitute foraformallaboratoryreport.TheLabReport Assistantissimplyasummaryoftheexperiment’squestions,diagramsifneeded,anddatatables
that
shouldbeaddressedinaformallabreport.
Theintentistofacilitatestudents’writing
oflab reports by providing
this informationin an editable
filewhich can be sent to an instructor.
Exercise 1:
ModelingDNA
The students must
attachthe DNA model to this lab report.
Note which nucleotidesform
pairs—cytosine and guanine,
and adenine and thymine form pairs.
Questions
A. The
followinglistindicatesthebases
onone strandofaDNAmolecule.Writeinthenamesof the bases that could pair with each
to make the complementary strand.
cytosine
adenine
adenine
guanine
cytosine
thymine
cytosine
guanine
B. WhatarethethreecomponentsofaDNAnucleotide?Howdothesemolecules
connect together?
C. What
are the four bases found in
DNA? Which of these bases pair together?
Exercise 2:
The GlobinGene
Procedure
1. Complete the DNA molecule by writinga complementary strand.
CodingStrand: CGT
CTC
TTC
GGA CAC Complementary Strand:
2. WritethemRNAsequencethatwillbecreatedintheprocessoftranscription.TheDNAcoding
strand
has the informationfor
the gene, so the strand
must be transcribed. The relationships
are
slightlydifferentforRNA,becauseRNAdoesnothave T;therefore,Ushouldbesubstituted forT.TotranscribeDNAtoRNA,thepairingrelationship
isA
–U,T–A,C–G,andG–C, respectively.
CodingStrand: CGT
CTC
TTC
GGA CAC
.gif”>mRNA Strand:
3. TranslatethemRNAintoaminoacids.UseTable1asareference.Remember,whena“stop”
codon is recognized, the protein creationis terminated.
.gif”>mRNA Strand:
Amino Acids Formed:
Questions
A. HowmanynucleotideswouldittaketoconstructthemRNAcodingstrandoftheβ-subunit
of the hemoglobin A molecule?
B. Howmanynucleotideswouldittaketomodel
theentireβ-subunit
ofthehemoglobinA
molecule?
C. Istheβ-subunitofthehemoglobin
AmoleculeacompleteDNAmolecule
(chromosome)or part of one? Explain.
D. WhatwouldhappenifoneoftheDNAnucleotideswasdeleted?WhatifthefirstTwas substitutedfor
an A? Would a substitutionalways
result in a change? Explain why or why not.
E.
Using your
newly formed model of DNA from
Exercise
1, write the coding strand below. Use the codingstrand todeterminethemRNA strandandtheaminoacidsformed.Dothisseparately
for Row 1 and Row
2 of your DNA model.
Data
Table: Newly Formed Model of
DNA from Exercise 1
ROW1
ROW2
CodingStrand
mRNA Strand
AminoAcids
Formed
F. Did the
new DNA model form any
two of the same amino acids?
G. Optional:Comparetheaminoacidsthatwereformedinthisexperimentwiththoseof
classmates who also performed
this experiment. Were there
many similarities?
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