Case Study: Financial Planning

Use  the following Financial Planning Case as the case study for this week.  Be sure to answer the three questions asked using material within the  chapter and at least one other source. APA and about two pages. 

In a recent month, the Constantine family had a budget deficit, which  is something they want to avoid so they do not have future financial  difficulties. Jason and Karen Constantine, and their children (ages 10  and 12), plan to discuss the situation after dinner this evening.
While at work, Jason was talking with his friend Ken Lopez. Ken had  been a regular saver since he was very young, starting with a small  savings account. Those funds were then invested in various stocks and  mutual funds. While in college, Ken was able to pay for his education  while continuing to save between $50 and $100 a month. He closely  monitored his spending. Ken realized that the few dollars here and there  for snacks and other minor purchases quickly add up.
Today, Ken works as a customer service manager for the online  division of a retailing company. He lives with his wife and their two  young children. The family’s spending plan allows for all their needs  and also includes regularly saving and investing for the children’s  education and for retirement.
Jason asked Ken, “How come you never seem to have financial stress in your household?”
Ken replied, “Do you know where your money is going each month?”
“Not really,” was Jason’s response.
“You’d be surprised by how much is spent on little things you might do without,” Ken responded.
“I  guess so. I just don’t want to have to go around with a notebook  writing down every amount I spend,” Jason said in a troubled voice.
“Well, you have to take some action if you want your financial situation to change?” Ken countered.
That evening, the Constantine family met to discuss their budget situation.

Requirements:

What situations might have created the budget deficit for the Constantine family?
What amounts would you suggest for the various categories for the family budget?
Describe additional actions for the Constantine family related to their budget or other money management activities.