1 of 25
Deposit feeders would most
likely be found on which substrate?
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Sandy bottoms
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Muddy bottoms
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Gravel bottoms
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Rocky shores
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None of the above
Question
2 of 25
Fjords are formed as a
result of the
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subsidence of land.
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lowering of sea level.
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formation of sand bars and barrier islands.
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coast being cut by a river.
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raising of sea level.
Question
3 of 25
An animal that feeds by
catching plankton as it swims by is called a
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deposit feeder.
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suspension feeder.
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opportunistic feeder.
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detritivore.
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scavenger
Question
4 of 25
The most common type of
substrate in estuaries is
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mud.
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rock.
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coarse sand.
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fine sand.
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None of the above .
Question
5 of 25
Osmoconformers survive
changes in salinity by
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maintaining the salinity of their body fluids
constantly.
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moving up and down the water column in order
to spend most of the day in the salt wedge.
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pumping water in as salinity decreases.
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allowing the salinity of their body fluids to
vary with that of the surrounding water.
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increasing the amounts of salts in their body
fluids no matter the salinity of the surrounding water.
Question
6 of 25
Most of the primary
production on mud flats is due to
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diatoms.
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green algae.
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brown algae.
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red algae.
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sulfur bacteria.
Question
7 of 25
Interstitial organisms are
also classified as
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infauna.
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endofauna.
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epifauna.
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meiofauna.
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midfauna.
Question
8 of 25
Blood rich in hemoglobin is
an adaptation to
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fluctuating salinities.
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wide variations in temperature.
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soft sediments.
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feeding in detritus.
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low oxygen concentrations.
Question
9 of 25
Zonation in an estuary is
made evident by
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a large number of worms in the mud.
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presence of different species along different
horizontal levels in relation to tides.
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tide pools along the mud flats.
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absence of life in black sediments.
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high concentration of plants in salt marshes.
Question
10 of 25
The food web in salt-marsh
communities is characterized by high primary production. Most of this
production is made available to other communities in the form of
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plant tissue eaten by grazers.
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plankton eaten by filter feeders.
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detritus.
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plants eaten by herbivores.
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plants eaten by zooplankton.
Question
11 of 25
The worldwide distribution
of mangrove forests is mostly determined by
1clip_image002.png”>
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salinity.
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type of sediment.
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temperature.
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wave action.
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height of tide.
Question
12 of 25
Taking a fiddler crab to a
new location and observing that its rhythms remain the same proves that fiddler
crabs have a _____________ ___________.
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navigation system that relies on Earth’s
magnetic field
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tidal cycle
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reproductive cycle that corresponds to phases
of the moon
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biological clock
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time-space orientation
Question
13 of 25
The loss of estuaries and
mangrove forests is particularly serious since these ecosystems
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provide nesting or resting areas to many
seabirds.
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are among the most productive of all marine
ecosystems.
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provide habitats to many species.
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directly or indirectly provide food to many
species.
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All of the above.
Question
14 of 25
Pneumatophores are used for
1clip_image002.png”>
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excretion of excess salts.
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horizontal growth.
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aeration of plant tissues.
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reproduction.
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downward growth.
Question
15 of 25
The part of the continental
shelf that is never exposed at low tide is called the
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littoral zone.
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subtidal zone.
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intertidal zone.
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pelagic zone.
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abyssal zone.
Question
16 of 25
The distribution of the
infauna of soft-bottom subtidal communities is often closely related to
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temperature.
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particle size of sediment.
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salinity.
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distribution of seaweeds.
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light.
Question
17 of 25
Which of the following
factors is most likely to have an effect on the global distribution of
organisms on the continental shelf?
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Stratification of water
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Oxygen
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Nutrients
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Temperature
1clip_image002.png”>
Turbulence
Question
18 of 25
As turbulence decreases
1clip_image002.png”>
1clip_image002.png”>
the amount of oxygen in the sediment
decreases.
1clip_image002.png”>
the amount of detritus in the sediment
decreases.
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the size of sediment particles increases.
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the relative number of suspension feeders
increases.
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the relative number of seaweed species
increases.
Question
19 of 25
Which of the following will
be relatively uncommon components of rocky subtidal communities?
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Producers
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Grazers
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Predators
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Infauna
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Epifauna
Question
20 of 25
By definition, kelp forests
develop when
1clip_image002.png”>
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kelp fronds float on the surface.
1clip_image002.png”>
the kelp is large enough to rise above the
bottom.
1clip_image002.png”>
the kelp lives in warm water.
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kelp fronds have leaves.
1clip_image002.png”>
the kelp holdfast is large enough to be called
a true root system.
Question
21 of 25
Kelps are characteristic of
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soft bottoms.
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Arctic and Antarctic coasts.
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hard bottoms in the tropics.
1clip_image002.png”>
soft bottoms but only in the tropics.
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temperate regions.
Question
22 of 25
The distribution of kelp
species along a particular coast is known to be affected by all of the
following factors except
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light.
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wave action.
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carnivorous fishes.
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depth.
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type of grazers.
Question
23 of 25
Sea otters are known to
affect the development of giant kelp forests by
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helping in the dispersion of spores.
1clip_image002.png”>
removing competing seaweeds.
1clip_image002.png”>
feeding on carnivorous fishes.
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feeding on grazing sea urchins.
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releasing nutrients present in feces and
urine.
Question
24 of 25
Primary production on
soft-bottomed subtidal communities is highest in
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salt marshes.
1clip_image002.png”>
mangrove forests.
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seagrass beds.
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oyster reefs.
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coral reefs.
Question
25 of 25
Which of the following
strategies is not used by seaweeds resulting in less grazing?
1clip_image002.png”>
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Chemical defenses
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Leathery consistency
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Calcium carbonate
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Bad taste
1clip_image002.png”>
Slow growth
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